Specification
details of various XML technologies
XML
specification means a syntax created by an existing international text-processing
standard for use on the World Wide Web. The specifications related to
the latest versions can be obtained from the site http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml
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XML NAMESPACES:
The specification
on XML namespaces is a recommendation of the W3C.It acts as a reference
material to the other related documents. This improvises the functionality
and the interoperability of the Web. This site gives a summary on basic
concepts of XMLnamespaces, declaring them, namespace scoping, namespace
defaulting etc.,
They provide
a simple and an elegant method for qualifying element and attribute names
used in XML documents by associating them with the namespaces. A namespace
is a collection of names, used in the XML documents as element types and
attribute names.
The specifications
on XML namespaces can be obtained in the site:
http://WWW.W3.org/TR/2004/REC-xml-names11-20040204
XML INFORMATION
SET:
The XML Information
set specification provides a set of definitions for use in other specifications
that refers the information in an XML document. This document gives an
idea on information systems, the document information item, element information
items, attribute information items etc.,
It specifies
the abstract set of definitions that can be used in a well-formed XML
document. It is not necessary that an XML document should be valid to
have information set though it must satisfy some namespace constraints,
the structure can be in any language such as XSD, RELAX NG, or ASN.1.The
XML Data and its information set are used by many applications. They have
a widely different data models ranging from very simple trees to irregular
structured graphs using a lot of nodes and vertices.
The specifications
can be obtained in the site:
http://WWW.W3C.org/TR/2004/REC-xml-infoset-20040204
XML PATH
LANGUAGE:
The XML Path
Language specification document can be used asa reference material from
other documents.W3C plays a very important role to draw attention to the
specification and to improve its widespread deployment.This specification
is due to the combined effort of the XSL Working group and the XML linking
Group.It is a part of the W3C Style activity and the W3C XML activity.Xpath
is a language that is used to find the address of different parts of an
XML document, that is designed to be used by both an XSLT or an Xpointer.Xpath
allows us to manipulate strings, numbers and Boolean. The primary construct
in an Xpath is the expression. An expression is evaluated to yield an
object. It has four basic types:
• node-set:
It is an unordered collection of nodes without duplicates;
• Boolean: true or false;
• Number: It is a floating-point number;
• String: It is a sequence of Unicode characters
The evaluation
of an expression occurs with respect to a context. The context consists
of:
* A context
Node
* A pair of non-zero positive integers
* A set of variable bindings.
* A function Library
* The Set of Namespace Declarations in scope for the expression
The specifications
can be obtained in the site:
http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-xpath-19991116
XSL TRANSFORMATIONS:
XSL Transformation
specification document site gives an idea about the Style Sheet Structure,
XSLT namespace, Style Sheet Element, Qualified names, Combining Style
Sheets, Embedding Style sheets etc.,It is a language for transforming
XML documents to other XML documents. XSLT is designed to be used as a
part of XSL, which is a style sheet language for XML.XSL, also contains
an XML vocabulary for specifying formatting. XSLT can also be used independently
without using XSL.XSL is designed for transformations that are needed
when XSLT is used as a part of XSL.
The specifications
can be obtained in the site:
http://WWW.W3C.org/TR/1999/REC-xslt-19991116
XML SCHEMA:
The XML Schema
specification document gives information regarding the basic concepts
of The Purchase Order, The Purchase Order Schema, Complex type Definitions,
Element &attrbute declarations, Building Content Models etc.,
XML schema specifies the XML schema definition language, which provides
facilities for describing the structure and the contents of the XML documents.
XML schema is an alternative to DTD.An XML schema can define the following:
• It
can define the elements that can appear in a document
• It can define the attributes that can appear in a document.
• It can specify which elements are the child elements.
• It can define the order of the child elements.
• It can define the number of the child elements.
The specifications
can be obtained in the site:
http://WWW.W3C.org/TR/2004/PER-xmlschema-0-20040318
XQUERY:
AN XML QUERY LANGUAGE
The XQUERY
specification document gives introduction to the formal Seamntics, XML
Values, the Xpath/Xquery System, Processing model and main judgements,
relationship with the other documents etc.,
It describes
about a query language called Xquery to be applied across many types of
XML data sources. Xquery provides flexible Query facilities to extract
data from real and virtual documents, providing the interaction between
the Web World and the Database World. All the XML files can be accessed,
as databases. Xquery is a technology is developed under W3C that includes
relational databases. The Queries are concise and are easily understood
in a language. It is also possible to query a large volume of XML data
including the databases and documents.
The specifications can be obtained in the site:
http://WWW.W3C.org/TR/2004/WD-xquery-semantics-20040220
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